Reed Smith Insurance Recovery partners John Shugrue, John Ellison, Amber Finch, Richard Lewis, and Matthew Weaver offer discussion and analysis on key issues relevant to businesses seeking, or evaluating whether to seek, coverage for COVID-19 losses. This webinar is available on demand and you can register here.

Here’s a brief summary of the topics addressed in the webinar:

  • Business interruption coverage and the physical loss/damage trigger (presented by Richard Lewis)

Business interruption insurance provides coverage when physical loss or damage adversely impacts a business, causing it loss.  This insurance covers lost profit and continuing expenses for the period needed to repair or replace damaged property and is designed to do for the business “what the business would have done had there been no loss or damage to property.”  For COVID-19, the key issue for business interruption coverage is: Can the known or suspected presence of a virus cause “physical loss or damage” to property?  For most businesses, it should generally be possible to make the requisite showing of physical loss or damage.

  • Contamination, virus, and microorganism exclusions (presented by John Ellison)

 In commentary, insurance companies have raised a variety of exclusions as potentially barring coverage for COVID-19 related losses.  Some of the exclusions raised include exclusions for virus, bacteria, contaminants, mold, and pollution.  Although there is significant diversity in exclusion wording across property policies, many policies contain standard virus exclusion language promulgated by the Insurance Services Office (ISO).  The ISO made demonstrably false statements to state regulators in seeking approval for this language.  Accordingly, virus exclusions may be vulnerable to challenge.  Additional information about insurers’ misrepresentations concerning virus exclusions is discussed in this article. Additionally, there are available challenges to the other forms of exclusion that insurers are raising that present viable responses to obtaining coverage even when they are asserted by your insurance company.

  • D&O coverage for shareholder claims (presented by John Shugrue)

Directors and officers liability insurance (D&O) coverage typically applies to liability claims made against individual directors for breach of fiduciary duty and to claims made against the business for securities law violations.  Potential claims implicating D&O coverage related to COVID-19 include shareholder claims for alleged failures to plan for, or respond to, the pandemic.Continue Reading Join us for an on-demand webinar “What policyholders really need to know about insurance for COVID-19”

Faced with mounting claims for insurance coverage as a result of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, commercial insurers are likely to search for any policy provision that they think will enable them to avoid paying virus-related claims.  One provision that insurers ultimately may invoke in an attempt to deny such claims is the so-called “pollution exclusion” – an exclusion that can be found in both commercial general liability (CGL) insurance policies and property insurance policies.  Policyholders should anticipate such an argument and should not walk away from insurance claims just because of it.  Although the exclusion is often broadly worded, there is generally good reason not to read it to preclude coverage for third-party claims and/or first-party losses involving viruses, including COVID-19.

While the exact language of the pollution exclusion may differ from one policy to another, it typically provides that there is no insurance for “bodily injury” and/or “property damage” that “would not have occurred in whole or in part but for the actual, alleged, or threatened discharge, dispersal, seepage, migration, release, or escape of ‘pollutants’ at any time.”  Again, while its precise definition can vary among policies, “pollutant” is typically defined as “any solid, liquid, gaseous or thermal irritant or contaminant, including smoke, vapor, soot, fumes, acids, alkalis, chemicals, and waste.”Continue Reading Pollution exclusion should not preclude coverage for virus-related claims

The interpretation and application of a pollution exclusion in a commercial general liability (“CGL”) policy is often a fact-specific and jurisdiction-specific exercise. That said, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit’s recent decision, applying North Dakota law and interpreting such an exclusion in a CGL policy, should command the attention of the entire natural gas industry.

At issue in Hiland Partners GP Holdings, LLC, et al. v. National Union Fire Insurance Company of Pittsburgh, PA, No. 15-3936 (8th Cir. Jan. 31, 2017), was an explosion at a natural gas processing facility that “receives gas and hydrocarbon products and processes them into byproducts for sale.”  Appellants, who owned and operated the facility, were an additional insured under a third party’s CGL policy.
Continue Reading Eighth Circuit pollution-exclusion opinion a cautionary tale for natural gas industry

What does it mean to call a fire “hostile”? This question has become increasingly important for insurance policyholders, such as those seeking coverage for fires and explosions following crude-by-rail or chemical-by-rail accidents.

When an explosion or fire event results in death, personal injuries or property damage, insurance companies may rely on a pollution exclusion. These

Recently, in a non-precedential order, an Illinois appellate court correctly held that a “Pollution and Health Hazard Exclusion” in a commercial general liability policy did not preclude coverage for mold-related bodily injury claims. See In re Liquidation of Legion Indem. Co., 2014 IL App (1st) 140452-U (Sept. 30, 2015) (applying Texas law).

That court held, inter alia, that “the plain language of the [p]olicy does not specifically exclude mold related claims.” Id. at ¶ 16. It continued: “While the policy does not need to specifically list the terms ‘mold’ and ‘fungi’, the intent to exclude coverage must be expressed in clear and unambiguous language. Here the alleged intent to exclude mold related claims was not clearly stated in the [pollution e]xclusion.” Id. at ¶¶ 17-18 (internal citation omitted).  The court later stated: “It is undisputed that the [p]olicy’s [e]xclusion did not include the words ‘mold,’ or ‘fungi’ although [the insurer] could have easily inserted the words in the [p]olicy’s [e]xclusion to avoid different interpretations.” Id. at ¶ 21. All good points.Continue Reading If not “determinative,” then at least compelling: Other, specific exclusionary language available on market undermines application of pollution exclusion

A recent outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease in New York has, according to published news reports, been responsible for the death of 12 people. According to those same reports, more than 100 other people have become ill as a result of the outbreak, which has been traced to a rooftop cooling tower(s).

For better or worse, when an outbreak of a disease occurs, lawsuits may soon follow. Indeed, recent news stories report that one individual who contracted Legionnaires’ disease in New York just sued the hotel where the outbreak allegedly began. According to published reports, that person is alleging that the hotel was “negligen[t], careless[], and reckless[].”

When such third-party lawsuits – relating to Legionnaires’ disease or some other disease – are filed against an insured, insurance coverage may be available under its commercial general liability (“CGL”) insurance policy(ies). CGL policies typically provide coverage for “damages” on account of “personal injuries” or “property damage.” Relying on various policy exclusions, insurers, however, may try to deny coverage for disease-related lawsuits. So, faced with such a suit, a policyholder should carefully review its policy(ies) and make sure its interests are adequately protected.

Legionnaires’ disease in particular has been at the center of a number of insurance-coverage disputes. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Legionnaires’ disease … is caused by a type of bacterium called Legionella …. The bacterium is named after a 1976 outbreak, when many people who went to a Philadelphia convention of the American Legion suffered from this disease, a type of pneumonia (lung infection).”
Continue Reading Host of insurance-coverage questions tied to Legionnaires’ disease

Last week, the Wisconsin Supreme Court issued two opinions in which it held that pollution exclusions barred coverage for third-party claims resulting from alleged contamination of water due to the seepage of cow manure and septage, respectively. As addressed in Chief Justice Shirley S. Abrahamson’s dissents to the two decisions, the majority’s opinions in both cases – Wilson Mutual Insurance Co. v. Falk, Nos. 2013AP691, 2013AP776, 2014 WL 7375656 (Wis. Dec. 30, 2014), and Preisler v. General Casualty Insurance Co., No. 2012AP2521, 2014 WL 7373070 (Wis. Dec. 30, 2014) – were faulty for a number of reasons.
Continue Reading Wisconsin Supreme Court’s misapplication of the pollution exclusion and disregard for policyholders’ business and purpose in purchasing insurance

Insurance companies often look to the pollution exclusions in their commercial general liability policies in attempts to exclude coverage for many types of claims. They will try to fit all sorts of things within the definition of “pollutants.” Just last Friday, though, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana made that more difficult, offering a common-sense understanding of the term “pollutant.” That court found that “under Louisiana law, Legionella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria” – the bacteria which cause Legionnaire’s disease – “do not qualify as ‘pollutants’ within the meaning of [pollution] exclusions.”
Continue Reading Court’s reasoning that “bacteria” is not a “pollutant” favorable for policyholders in other cases

The Ebola crisis has raised numerous issues worldwide. Many of the concerns sparked by the crisis – particularly in the insurance coverage context – are not unique to that disease, however. For example, coverage concerns relating to Ebola-related claims would be similar to those for many other disease-related claims. Many different types of insurance policies, including general liability policies, could be implicated by such claims.
Continue Reading General Liability Insurance and Disease-Related Claims